- published: 24 Jan 2018
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Asia-Pacific or Asia Pacific (abbreviated as Asia-Pac, AsPac, APAC, APJ, JAPA or JAPAC) is the part of the world in or near the Western Pacific Ocean. The region varies in size depending on which context, but it typically includes much of East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Oceania.
The term may also include Russia (on the North Pacific) and countries in the Americas which are on the coast of the Eastern Pacific Ocean; the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, for example, includes Canada, Chile, Russia, Mexico, Peru, and the United States.
Alternatively, the term sometimes comprises all of Asia and Australasia as well as small/medium/large Pacific island nations (Asia Pacific and Australasian Continent) - for example when dividing the world into large regions for commercial purposes (e.g. into Americas, EMEA and Asia Pacific).
On the whole there appears to be no clear cut definition of "Asia Pacific" and the regions included change as per the context.
Though imprecise, the term has become popular since the late 1980s in commerce, finance and politics. In fact, despite the heterogeneity of the regions' economies, most individual nations within the zone are emerging markets experiencing rapid growth. (Compare the concept/acronym APEJ or APeJ - Asia-Pacific excluding Japan.)
A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county level, but most legislative bodies at the state or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council. A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants.
A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman.
Notable examples of types of councils encountered in politics include:
Asia (i/ˈeɪʒə/ or /ˈeɪʃə/) is the Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. Asia covers an area of 44,579,000 square kilometers, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. It has historically been home to the world's first modern civilizations and has always hosted the bulk of the planet's human population. Asia is notable for not only overall large size and population, but unusually dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people. The boundaries of Asia are traditionally determined as that of Eurasia, as there is no significant geographical separation between Asia and Europe. The most commonly accepted boundaries place Asia to the east of the Suez Canal, the Ural River, and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian and Black Seas. It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.
At 165.25 million square kilometers (63.8 million square miles) in area, this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of the Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of the Earth's land area combined.
The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
The eastern Pacific Ocean was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great "southern sea" which he named Mar del Sur. The ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish circumnavigation of the world in 1521, as he encountered favourable winds on reaching the ocean. He called it Mar Pacifico, which in both Portuguese and Spanish means "peaceful sea".
The Atlantic Council is a think tank in the field of international affairs. Founded in 1961, the Council provides a forum for international political, business, and intellectual leaders. It manages ten regional centers and functional programs related to international security and global economic prosperity. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C.
The Atlantic Council was founded with a mission to encourage the continuation of cooperation between North America and Europe that began after World War II. In its early years its work consisted largely of publishing policy papers and polling Europeans and Americans about their attitudes towards transatlantic and international cooperation. In these early years its primary focus was on economic issues—mainly encouraging free trade between the two continents, and to a lesser extent to the rest of the world—but it also did some work on political and environmental issues.
Although the Atlantic Council did publish policy papers and monographs, Melvin Small of Wayne State University wrote that, especially in its early years, the Council's real strength lies in its connections to influential policy makers. The Council early on found a niche as "center for informal get-togethers" of leaders from both sides of the Atlantic, with members working to develop "networks of continuing communication".
The Future of Asia-Pacific Economic Integration
Asia Pacific Youth Council Update 2017
Mr. Gary Leung - Assistant Manager - Airports Council International Asia-Pacific
Rappler Talk: Emily Lau on the democratic situation in the Asia-Pacific region
Transatlantic Interests in the Asia Pacific in 2025
Lo Sheung Yan, Chairman, Asia Pacific Creative Council, JWT Shanghai at Spikes Asia 2013
Asia Pacific Youth Council: President Nicole Chan & VP Oliver Mann
ASEAN 2017: 16th ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC) Council Meeting
Hindu Mandir in Maple Grove Minnesota - by Asia Pacific Council
China's Vision for a More Prosperous Asia-Pacific Region
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Voices Of The Future 2017 Da Nang, Viet Nam
Hope Today | Southern Asia Pacific Division (SSD) Presidents Council
Wataru Katsurashima, President, FTTH Council Asia-Pacific, at the FTTH APAC conference 2017.
FAD in Council of Asian Pacific Americans (CAPA) Splendor of the East 2016
Interview: H. Munasir Choudhury, director general, FTTH Council, Asia Pacific.
WorldLeadersTV: UN ECONOMIC & SOCIAL COUNCIL for ASIA-PACIFIC, UN ESCAP
ITU TELECOM WORLD 2016: Peter Macaulay, President, FTTH Council Asia-Pacific
Implications of Energy on Geopolitical, Economic, and Environmental Issues in the Asia-Pacific
2014 Asia Pacific Franchise Confederation And World Franchise Council (Forum & Networking)
Remarks on Trade and Security at the Pacific Council on International Policy
Council on Asia-Pacific Minnesotans 2014 Annual Dinner
26th Asia Pacific Jamboree Grand Campfire CEBU COUNCIL (SubCamp Vargas)
FTTH Council Asia-Pacific India Workshop 2017, 31 Jan, Hilton Mumbai Int'l Airport
3rd Asia-Pacific Space Generation Workshop
Shortly after his inauguration, US President Donald Trump announced he would withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership. The withdrawal from this agreement, which was previously billed by the Obama administration as a way to enhance American economic growth and sustain American influence in the Asia Pacific region, signified a major shift in US trade policy. What will be the future of Asia Pacific economic integration following the US withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership? What local and regional impacts will this withdrawal have for the United States on foreign direct investment and trade from Asia?
Interviews with APYC members Megan McMahon and Zining Wang
Mr. Gary Leung Assistant Manager Technical & Industry Affairs Airports Council International Asia-Pacific
Rappler talks to Emily Lau, former member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council, about the democratic situation in the Asia-Pacific region. She will also check on the case and condition of Philippine Senator Leila de Lima who is being detained on drug charges: http://s.rplr.co/eV7QEWX Follow Rappler on Social Media: Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/rapplerdotcom Twitter - https://twitter.com/rapplerdotcom Instagram - http://instagram.com/rappler YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/rappler/?sub_confirmation=1 SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/rappler Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+Rappler/ Tumblr - http://rappler.tumblr.com/ http://www.rappler.com/
Atlantic Council Executive Vice President Damon Wilson moderates a conversation with Kurt Campbell, chairman and CEO of The Asia Group, on the inception of the “pivot to Asia” concept, the future of US-China relations, and how the transatlantic partnership will be impacted by the rise of Asia.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Political-Security Community (APSC) holds its 16th Council Meeting at the Manila Marriott Hotel in Pasay City on November 12, 2017. More on https://www.rappler.com/world/regions/asia-pacific/188151-watch-31st-asean-summit-2017-philippines-day-2?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=world Follow Rappler on Social Media: Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/rapplerdotcom Twitter - https://twitter.com/rapplerdotcom Instagram - http://instagram.com/rappler YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/rappler/?sub_confirmation=1 SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/rappler Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+Rappler/ Tumblr - http://rappler.tumblr.com/ http://www.rappler.com/
China's Vision for a More Prosperous Asia-Pacific Region On April 17, the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security will host the People's Republic of China's Vice Minister of Finance, Zhu Guangyao, for an address on "China's Vision for a More Prosperous Asia-Pacific Region." Vice Minister Zhu Guangyao will visit the United States in connection with the spring meeting of the IMF and World Bank. His visit comes at a time when new regional initiatives supported by China, such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the New Development Bank ("BRICS Bank") and the Silk Road initiative are showing strong momentum. The RMB's internationalization continues to expand and the outflow of Chinese capital into foreign markets is rising. More generally, China is ...
Southern Asia Pacific Division (SSD) Adventist Healthcare "Setting the Mission a Blaze" held on October 3-5, 2017 at Century Park Hotel, Manila Philippines.
Wataru Katsurashima, President, FTTH Council, Asia Pacific, discussing issues pertinent to the FTTH segment.
Funaach Academy of Dance was proud to perform at "Splendor of the East 2016" organized by CAPA (Council of Asian Pacific Americans) on May 14th 2016 at the Ford Community & Performing Arts Center in Dearborn, Michigan. F.A.D represented West India (Maharashtra) at this grand event. Watch the video to see Music and Dance transcend the boundaries to create a wonderful experience for you to remember for a long time. Witness the magic unfold as F.A.D delivers this power packed performance with 30 talented dancers.
H. Munasir Choudhury, director general of FTTH Council, Asia Pacific discussing issues pertinent to the FTTH segment.
MaximsNewsNetwork: 06 January 2012, WorldLeadersTV: Bangkok, Thailand - The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia-Pacific (UN ESCAP) presents a video about its history and its future as the hub of UN activities in the 48 countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Dr. Noeleen Heyzer is the Executive Secretary of the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, ESCAP, and holds the rank of United Nations Under-Secretary-General. Since taking office in August 2007 as the first woman to ever occupy this position, Dr. Heyzer has championed institutional change and developed ESCAP as a regional hub to help build stronger economic and social foundations for sustainable and inclusive societies in the Asia Pacific region. Dr. Noeleen Heyzer, UN Under-Secretary-Genera...
Cross-Straits Series: Implications of Energy Security on Critical Geopolitical, Economic, and Environmental Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region A discussion with: Mr. Edward C. Chow Senior Fellow, Center for Strategic & International Studies Dr. Van Jackson Visiting Fellow Center for a New American Security Mr. Robert A. Manning Senior Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council Ms. Meredith Miller Senior Vice President of Trade, Economic, and Energy Affairs; Director of NBR's Washington, DC office The National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR) Moderated by: Mr. Keith Johnson Senior Reporter Foreign Policy Please join the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security for a discussion with leading experts assessing China, Japan, the R...
For more MICE news in Taiwan please visit http://www.meettaiwan.com On the behalf of the organizer of 2014 APFC/WFC Meetings in Taiwan, we would like to express our warm welcome to all participants from all over Asia and the world to join this franchise carnival in Taiwan from 23 to 29 September 2014. Here, we provide the best stage to all suppliers, traders, buyers and specialists in chain and franchise and related industries to share the knowledge and experience interactively. 6 main activities including APFC Meeting, WFC Meeting, Taiwan International Chain & Franchise Exhibition, International Chain & Franchise Forum, Global Franchise Business Networking and Taiwan City Tour will be hold during 2014 APFC/WFC Meetings in Taiwan.
Secretary John Kerry addresses members of the Pacific Council on International Policy on the security and trade opportunities of the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership at an event in Los Angeles, California on April 12, 2016. A transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2016/04/index.htm.
Shortly after his inauguration, US President Donald Trump announced he would withdraw the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership. The withdrawal from this agreement, which was previously billed by the Obama administration as a way to enhance American economic growth and sustain American influence in the Asia Pacific region, signified a major shift in US trade policy. What will be the future of Asia Pacific economic integration following the US withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership? What local and regional impacts will this withdrawal have for the United States on foreign direct investment and trade from Asia?
The full symposium report is available on CFR.org here: http://www.cfr.org/asia-and-pacific/new-geopolitics-china-india-pakistan/p37899 Experts address current transformations of Asia’s strategic landscape, and how the return of geopolitics affects regional peace and security. Speakers: Samina Ahmed, Project Director for South Asia, International Crisis Group Daniel S. Markey, Adjunct Senior Fellow for India, Pakistan, and South Asia, Council on Foreign Relations C. Raja Mohan, Director, Carnegie India, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Wang Xu, Executive Deputy Director, Center for South Asian Studies, Peking University Presider: Karl F. Inderfurth, Former Assistant Secretary for South Asian Affairs, U.S. Department of State; Adjunct Professor, Johns Hopkins School of A...
Secretary John Kerry addresses members of the Pacific Council on International Policy on the security and trade opportunities of the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership at an event in Los Angeles, California on April 12, 2016. A transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2016/04/index.htm.
Cross-Straits Series: Implications of Energy Security on Critical Geopolitical, Economic, and Environmental Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region A discussion with: Mr. Edward C. Chow Senior Fellow, Center for Strategic & International Studies Dr. Van Jackson Visiting Fellow Center for a New American Security Mr. Robert A. Manning Senior Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council Ms. Meredith Miller Senior Vice President of Trade, Economic, and Energy Affairs; Director of NBR's Washington, DC office The National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR) Moderated by: Mr. Keith Johnson Senior Reporter Foreign Policy Please join the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security for a discussion with leading experts assessing China, Japan, the R...
As new transnational infrastructure and economic projects come up across Asia, will the countries in the region connect or contest? Speakers: - Suhasini Haidar, Diplomatic Editor and Deputy Resident Editor, Hindu, India - Shahidul Haque, Foreign Secretary of Bangladesh - Leela Ponappa, Chairperson, Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, Indian Council of World Affairs, India - Shashi Tharoor, Member of Parliament, India Moderated by: - Samir Saran, Vice-President, Observer Research Foundation (ORF), India
China's Vision for a More Prosperous Asia-Pacific Region On April 17, the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security will host the People's Republic of China's Vice Minister of Finance, Zhu Guangyao, for an address on "China's Vision for a More Prosperous Asia-Pacific Region." Vice Minister Zhu Guangyao will visit the United States in connection with the spring meeting of the IMF and World Bank. His visit comes at a time when new regional initiatives supported by China, such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the New Development Bank ("BRICS Bank") and the Silk Road initiative are showing strong momentum. The RMB's internationalization continues to expand and the outflow of Chinese capital into foreign markets is rising. More generally, China is ...
Eighteen years into the 21st Century, it is time to re-evaluate what has been called the age of Asia. Following the rise of populism and anti-globalization movements in the west, Asia has every opportunity to become the well-oiled, policy-defining voice in the world. But Asia has its challenges too. China’s economic growth is decelerating, territorial disputes are escalating, and many Asian nations face impending environmental and demographic crises. On January 26, Michael Auslin, Karl Friedhoff, and Deborah Lehr will join Phil Levy to discuss whether we are truly in an Asian century, and the Council on Global Affairs will further the discussion with new public opinion data collected in countries throughout the Pacific exploring regional perspectives on global engagement.
CROSS-STRAITS SERIES Implications of The Emerging Anti-Access and Area Denial (A2/AD) Capabilities in the Asia-Pacific A discussion with: Ms. Christel Fonzo-Eberhard Manager Monitor 360 Ms. Yuki Tatsumi Senior Associate, East Asia Program Stimson Center Dr. Roger Cliff Nonresident Senior Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council Moderated by: Mr. Harry J. Kazianis Editor RealClearDefense Please join the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security for a discussion on regional perspectives on anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) in the Asia-Pacific region. Our featured discussants will include Ms. Christel Fonzo-Eberhard, Manager of Monitor 360, to speak from ASEAN's perspective; Ms. Yuki Tatsumi, Senior Associate of the East Asia P...
A Strategy for the Trans-Pacific Century: Final Report of the Atlantic Council’s Asia-Pacific Strategy Task Force A conversation with: The Hon. Paula Dobriansky Senior Fellow The Future of Diplomacy Project, Harvard University H.E. Ashok Kumar Mirpuri Ambassador Republic of Singapore Dr. Matthew Kroenig Nonresident Senior Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council Dr. Miyeon Oh Senior Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council Introduced and Moderated by: Mr. Barry Pavel Senior Vice President, Arnold Kanter Chair, and Director, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security Atlantic Council The days when Atlantic policymakers and strategists could ignore major developments in Asia, and vice-versa, are long gone. North A...
Moderator: Dilip Puri, Founder & CEO of Indian School Of Hospitality, Panellist: Alan Watts, President - Asia Pacific - Hilton, Panellist: Gerald Lawless, Chairman of World Travel and Tourism Council, Panellist: Katerina Giannouka, President - Asia Pacific of Radisson Hotel Group, Panellist: Pascal Gauvin - Manageging Director
Globalization and economic interdependence among Asia's countries rest precariously on increasingly tense geopolitical relations and competing security interests, including the North Korean nuclear threat, the China-India border standoff, and escalating tensions in the South China Sea. As a region, the Asia-Pacific presents the largest source of global economic growth and possesses tremendous business potential in the next ten to 20 years, more so if financial and economic markets are further integrated. But governments and businesses are cognizant that geopolitical tensions may put a damper on these opportunities. What are the anticipated geo-economic trends in the Asia-Pacific? What is the nature of some of these regional relationships and what potential impacts will they have on econo...
NEW YORK, January 19, 2017 — Expert speakers discuss how the changing U.S. political landscape will affect the future of trade and economic liberalization in the Asia-Pacific. Panelist include Nguyen Thanh Hai, deputy director general in charge of policy issues at the Vietnam 2017 national APEC secretariat; Dr. Vu Tien Loc, chairman and president of the Vietnam chamber of commerce and industry; Monica Hardy Whaley, president of the national center for APEC; and Farisa Zarin, managing director and global head of government and public affairs at Moody’s. The discussion was moderated by Asia Society Policy Institute Vice President Wendy Cutler. (1 hr., 5 min.)
Rappler talks to Emily Lau, former member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council, about the democratic situation in the Asia-Pacific region. She will also check on the case and condition of Philippine Senator Leila de Lima who is being detained on drug charges: http://s.rplr.co/eV7QEWX Follow Rappler on Social Media: Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/rapplerdotcom Twitter - https://twitter.com/rapplerdotcom Instagram - http://instagram.com/rappler YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/rappler/?sub_confirmation=1 SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/rappler Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+Rappler/ Tumblr - http://rappler.tumblr.com/ http://www.rappler.com/
The full symposium report is available on CFR.org here: http://www.cfr.org/asia-and-pacific/new-geopolitics-china-india-pakistan/p37899 Experts discuss U.S. relations with India, China, and Pakistan and will discuss the challenges and opportunities for the United States in light of changing regional geopolitics. Speakers: Samina Ahmed, Project Director for South Asia, International Crisis Group Daniel S. Markey, Adjunct Senior Fellow for India, Pakistan, and South Asia, Council on Foreign Relations C. Raja Mohan, Director, Carnegie India, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Wang Xu, Executive Deputy Director, Center for South Asian Studies, Peking University Presider: Karl F. Inderfurth, Former Assistant Secretary for South Asian Affairs, U.S. Department of State; Adjunct P...
Geopolitical change in Asia presents serious security and economic challenges to Japan and its most important ally the United States. North Korea will soon have the capacity to make a nuclear strike on the US, China is expanding its influence in the South China Sea through island building and more broadly throughout Asia and beyond through its One Belt, One Road initiative, and America’s withdrawal from TPP has undermined efforts to update trade and investment rules to promote more open markets for Japanese and American business. President Trump and PM Abe broached a new Indo-Pacific Initiative when they met in November 2017, but provided few details. What is the new Indo-Pacific initiative? How will Japan respond to these challenges and what role will the US-Japan alliance play? Jonathan...
Esther Lam is a visiting fellow in the Council on East Asian Studies at the MacMillan Center. She leads the Northeast Asia Team within the Asia-Pacific Section of the United Nations Human Rights Office. A journalist and researcher before joining the United Nations, Ms. Lam has published extensively on human rights, United Nations, and World Trade Organization issues. Among her books are China and the WTO – a Long March Toward the Rule of Law, A Practical Guide to the WTO for Human Rights Advocates (as lead author), and SARS and the WHO: An Untold Story. We talk with Ms. Lam about human rights and multilateral development banks.
0:00 Intro 1:52 Loong opening remarks 6:43 U.S.-Singapore bilateral relations 8:42 U.S.-Singapore relations changes and the new administration 11:36 America’s withdrawal from the TPP 12:46 The balance of power between China and the U.S. 14:02 One Belt One Road Initiative 16:27 Tensions over the South China Sea and East China Sea 18:56 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 21:51 The next chapter for Xi Jinping 30:26 The importance of dialogue 30:45 Q&A portion Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong as discusses U.S.-Singapore bilateral relations as well as strategic challenges and opportunities in the Asia-Pacific.
Atlantic Council Executive Vice President Damon Wilson moderates a conversation with Kurt Campbell, chairman and CEO of The Asia Group, on the inception of the “pivot to Asia” concept, the future of US-China relations, and how the transatlantic partnership will be impacted by the rise of Asia.
This audience with His Holiness the Dalai Lama took place in Minneapolis during the period he was in Minnesota to celebrate Tibetan New Year with the local Tibetan community. The audience was organized by the Council on Asian Pacific Minnesotans, led by Sia Her. Many prominent MN State legislators were in attendance, along with other guests. Thor Anderson served as videographer. Below is a brief list of topics discussed by His Holiness: • Importance of approaching others on a human level, not based on status or position. • Reflections on Minnesota weather and his appreciation for snow. • Thoughts on the situation in the Middle East • Historical background on Tibet's development into a democratic system • Current state of the worldwide Tibetan diaspora • The importance of preserving Tibe...
Robert O. Work, deputy secretary of defense, joins James E. Sciutto, chief national security correspondent at CNN, to discuss Department of Defense policy toward the Asia-Pacific region. Work notes that the rebalance to Asia is part of a global, long-term military strategy, characterized by a major shift in the way forces are deployed, and a strengthening of partnerships and alliances. Components include resizing forces to move away from the one-size-fits-all posture, and finding the minimum force needed as a deterrent to ready other forces for deployment elsewhere. At the same time, the Department of Defense will maintain security commitments in Europe and the Middle East, and continue countering global extremism and terrorism. Speaker: Robert O. Work, Deputy Secretary of Defense, U.S. ...